The internal defects of castings are concerning, as these defects may lead to substandard performance or fracture of the castings during product application. However, excellent foundries can effectively avoid these problems through scientific process optimization, especially with the help of X-ray casting inspection, which allows customers to verify the internal quality of the castings through third-party verification.
X-ray casting inspection is a non-destructive testing method primarily used to detect internal defects in castings. Its basic principle is: during the inspection process, the casting under inspection is exposed to X-ray radiation. The dense areas inside the casting will block the penetration of X-rays, while the less dense areas will allow X-rays to pass through, creating different exposure effects.
Through the exposure condition of the X-ray film, internal defects of the casting, such as porosity, cracks, and inclusions, can be clearly displayed. This method is particularly suitable for quality inspection of precision castings such as investment castings.
Strong Intuitiveness: Through X-ray inspection, internal defects of the castings can be clearly presented on the film, facilitating intuitive analysis.
High Sensitivity: X-ray casting inspection has extremely high sensitivity for thin-walled castings and can promptly detect tiny internal defects.
Wide Applicability: X-ray casting inspection is not affected by the surface finish of the castings and is applicable to castings of different materials.
Convenient Storage: The X-ray films after inspection can be stored for a long time, facilitating future review and archiving.
According to the standards of X-ray casting inspection, different types of castings and different inspection requirements have different grading standards. Generally, the size and complexity of the castings directly affect the inspection level:
For small castings (weighing less than 0.5kg), a defect-free standard can be achieved.
Medium-sized castings (weighing less than 10kg) typically achieve a level 2 standard.
Large or complex castings usually achieve a level 3 standard.
For example, castings used in high-speed rail typically adopt a level 2 standard, while sand casting process castings may achieve levels 3 to 5, with some sand casting factories also capable of achieving level 2 standards.
As an efficient and precise non-destructive testing method, X-ray casting inspection plays a crucial role in detecting internal defects in castings. Despite certain disadvantages, its strong intuitiveness, wide applicability, and high sensitivity make it the preferred tool for inspecting casting quality. By rationally using X-ray casting inspection, foundries can effectively ensure product quality, avoid usage risks caused by defects, and enhance customer trust and satisfaction.
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