X-ray inspection is a non-destructive testing method that uses X-rays to penetrate materials and detect defects in the workpiece by the attenuation characteristics in the material. With the development of X-ray photography technology in recent years, the X-ray inspection machine technology has formed a relatively complete X-ray inspection technology system composed of X-ray photography, real-time imaging, and X-ray tomography, etc.
According to different methods of obtaining workpiece inspection images, X-ray inspection technology is divided into X-ray photography inspection technology and digital radiography inspection technology. X-ray photography inspection technology has a long history of development, mature technology, and wide application, laying a solid foundation for the development of other radiography inspection technologies.
X-ray inspection equipment has the main advantage of being beneficial for volume defects such as inclusions, pores, and uneven density distribution in workpieces. The detection effect is intuitive, and the detection result is highly sensitive. However, it is relatively difficult to detect layered defects, and the processing steps are complicated and cumbersome, not only high cost but also producing pollutants.
X-ray real-time imaging detection technology is a digital radiographic detection technology. It uses a detector instead of traditional X-ray film, which not only has faster imaging speed and higher imaging quality but also eliminates the processes of washing, developing, and fixing. It reduces the consumption of chemical agents, making it cheaper, more economical, and more environmentally friendly. The X-ray real-time imaging detection technology has high resolution and a high dynamic range, which can detect workpieces with poor density or large differences in thickness, and allows for real-time online detection. However, like traditional X-ray photography detection technology, the detection image obtained is a two-dimensional projection image, which has the problem of information overlapping.
The inspection image obtained by X-ray CT imaging inspection technology is a two-dimensional sectional image corresponding to the characteristics of the material, structure, composition, and density of the workpiece. Simultaneously, three-dimensional reconstruction can be performed to obtain a three-dimensional image of the inspected workpiece. There is no information overlay problem. The detection image is a digitalized result, which can directly obtain information such as CT value and pixel size. The digitized image is easy to store, transmit, analyze, and process. It has high spatial and density resolution, high dynamic range, and reliability. With the development of high-energy industrial CT systems, the geometry of the inspected workpiece will not be restricted due to sufficient penetrating energy. X-ray inspection equipment technology is suitable for detecting various defects.
X-ray micro-CT imaging inspection technology is a new detection technology that uses the principle of X-ray imaging to perform high-resolution three-dimensional imaging. It can be used to measure porosity and pore size. With the continuous development of scientific technology, X-ray inspection equipment technology not only has a series of characteristics such as high sensitivity, high resolution, large dynamic range, and good image quality, but also is widely used in the detection of most defects, uneven material density, material inspection, and reverse engineering It is currently the most widely used non-destructive testing method in the industrial field.
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